A Data Collection and Transmission Method for Smart Meters Based on Homomorphic Cncryption

With the rapid development of smart meter technology, how to ensure the privacy and security of power data has become a key issue in smart grid systems. This paper proposes a hierarchical energy metering data collection method based on homomorphic encryption. This method uses time segmentation and homomorphic encryption technology to enable each branch meter to securely encrypt its electricity data and upload it to the upper meter. The upper meter obtains the electricity data of each branch meter by decrypting its known total current information, while the branch meters and attackers cannot decrypt the specific data of other meters. This method ensures the privacy isolation between branch meters and improves the security of data transmission. At the same time, it also has good flexibility and topological adaptability, can adapt to the needs of multi-level, distributed power networks, and is particularly suitable for the application of large-scale smart grid systems. Through experimental verification, the method in this paper can efficiently complete data encryption, transmission and decryption while ensuring privacy security, has strong anti-attack capabilities, and can reduce system operation and maintenance costs.