Development of a Multi-Channel Wireless Deep Brain Stimulation and Signal Acquisition System for Neurostimulation and Biomarker Monitoring

This study presents the design, development, and validation of a multi-channel wireless deep brain stimulation and signal acquisition system designed for neurostimulation and biomarker monitoring in preclinical models. The system integrates real-time Bluetooth-based data transmission, adaptive closed-loop control, and multi-channel recording, providing a versatile platform for studying neuromodulation therapies. The MitoPark transgenic mouse model was used to evaluate the effects of subthalamic nucleus (STN)-DBS on motor and cognitive functions in Parkinson’s disease. Behavioral assessments, including the Narrow Beam Walking Test, Open Field Task, and Novel Object Recognition Test, were conducted. Results demonstrated that STN-DBS significantly improved motor coordination, as evidenced by enhanced beam-walking performance. Spectral analysis of local field potentials demonstrated a reduction in pathological beta-band activity and an increase in gamma-band power post-DBS, suggesting restoration of neural network dynamics. However, no significant cognitive improvements were observed. Histological and MRI validation confirmed accurate electrode placement in the STN. This study highlights the potential of wireless adaptive DBS for improving motor symptoms and provides a foundation for future research on personalized neurostimulation therapies.