An Efficient Framework for Multi-DER Integration in Distribution Networks With Time-Series Demand Flexibility

The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) has transformed power system operations. However, balancing supply and demand is more challenging due to the inherent variability of RESs. This paper presents an efficient framework that integrates demand flexibility, RESs, and energy storage in distribution systems to enhance distribution system performance. The study implements a detailed time-series power flow analysis to investigate the impact of distributed energy resources (DERs) on system performance over a 24-hour period. The simulations incorporate a modified IEEE 123-bus network with two PV systems, flexible loads, and a 300 kW/1200 kWh battery. Additionally, the IEEE 8500-node distribution feeder integrates higher-rated PV, wind generators, and a 500 kW/2000 kWh battery to evaluate grid performance under diverse operational conditions. The battery storage system provides essential grid support through strategic charging during high PV generation and discharging during peak demand periods. The simulation results demonstrate robust voltage regulation and effective demand response throughout the feeder despite varying generation and load conditions. The flexible loads effectively respond to system conditions, varying between 23 to 82 kVA. This study demonstrates the viability of coordinated DER operations and their impact on modern distribution networks.