ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF CONSTRUCTION, RECONSTRUCTION AND MODERNIZATION OF DAIRY FARMS AND COMPLEXES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 2013-2023

The article analyzes the results of the construction, reconstruction and modernization of dairy farms and complexes in the Russian Federation based on data from National reports on the progress and results of the implementation of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and regulation of agricultural products, raw materials and food markets. Significant differentiation between federal districts and high variability over the years in the number of established livestock farms and milk production volumes on constructed, reconstructed and modernized farms and complexes have been revealed. The number of slaughterhouses and the volume of milk production per facility indicate a predominantly average scale of production on new farms and complexes. The share of milk produced at new, reconstructed and modernized facilities in the gross milk production in agricultural organizations and farms is not significant. However, in terms of gross volumes, their share is significant and varies several times in the federal districts: in the North Caucasus Federal District - 12%, Southern Federal District -18.0%, in the Northwestern Federal District - 30%, Central Federal District – 37%, Far Eastern Federal District – 47%, Volga Federal District – 51%, Siberian Federal District – 57%, Ural Federal District – 77%, in the Russian Federation as a whole – 41%. Calculations show that milk production at existing livestock facilities has decreased in recent years, for example, in 2021: in general, in the Russian Federation - by 67.6 thousand tons, the Siberian Federal District – 43.5 thousand tons, the Ural Federal District – 51.5 thousand tons, the Volga Federal District – 100.6 thousand tons, the Southern Federal District – 4.1 thousand tons. While maintaining the pace of creation, reconstruction and modernization of farms and complexes that developed in 2013-2023, the cycle of technological modernization of dairy farming will range from 30 to 50 years. This will be a serious obstacle to the development of dairy farming according to the scenario of industries with decreasing costs. Increasing the pace of development of dairy farming requires adjusting the directions and forms of government support for the industry to accelerate the technological modernization of the main milk producers - agricultural organizations and farms with medium–scale production.