Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles from Artemisia Maritima: Characterization and Evaluation of Antibacterial Properties

Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) attracted many researchers due to their potential biomedical and pharmacological activities that depend on the shape and size of the nanoparticles. Objective: To extract and characterize nanoparticles from the aqueous extract of the Artemisia maritima plant. Methods: UV-V spectroscopy indicates the presence of Cu NPs with unique optical characteristics. FTIR analysis identified functional groups and chemical bonds in the Cu NPs. XRD analysis revealed a hexagonal crystal structure for the Cu NPs. Antibacterial activity of the synthesized Cu NPs was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Results: The Cu NPs exhibited varying zones of inhibition (ZOI) against different bacterial strains, with the largest ZOI observed against Staphylococcus aureus (20 mm), followed by Bacillus subtilis (19 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17 mm), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16 mm), and Escherichia coli (11 mm). These results highlight the potential of Artemisia maritima-synthesized Cu NPs as antimicrobial agents, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria. Conclusions: Artemisia maritima-mediated Cu NPs offer a promising, green alternative for antimicrobial development, warranting further research for clinical and environmental applications.