Institute of Private Prosecution in Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation and Some Recommendations for Vietnam

Criminal proceedings in Vietnam are characterized by significant limitations on the role of individual victims in the resolution of criminal cases. The achievement of justice in such cases is entirely dependent on the effectiveness of an integrated system built by investigators, pracurators, and judges. Meanwhile, through the institution of private prosecution, Russian legislation grants victims of crimes a defined role in the resolution of criminal cases. Within this framework, victims have a decisive voice in holding offenders accountable, ensuring a balanced integration of public and private interests in case resolution. This article conducts a legal analysis and comparative study to explore the nature and content of the private prosecution institution in the criminal procedure legislation of the Russian Federation. Based on this analysis, the article provides recommendations for Vietnam to improve the provisions of its Criminal Procedure Code, particularly concerning the role of victims in the resolution of criminal cases, in line with the requirements of judicial reform.