ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF POLYGENERATION IN A PRIVATE HOUSEHOLD MICROGRID

Modern challenges in the energy sector, particularly rising energy costs and declining reliability of electricity supply, are promoting the adoption of polygeneration microgrids. These systems integrate various energy sources, including photovoltaic modules, battery energy storage system, and backup diesel generators, providing energy autonomy and reducing dependence on utility grid. For Ukraine, which faces regular power outages due to damage to energy infrastructure, studying the efficiency of such microgrids is particularly relevant. The aim of this study is to analyse the efficiency of a private household microgrid equipped with 5 kW photovoltaic modules and a 10 kWh battery energy storage system. The focus is placed on analyzing self-consumption and self-sufficiency ratios. The analysis was conducted using daily, monthly, and annual data, taking into account seasonal variations in generation and consumption. The calculations showed a self-consumption ratio of 0.9997, indicating that the system is configured to effectively utilize locally generated energy. The annual self-sufficiency ratio reached 0.6262, covering 62.6 % of annual consumption. Seasonal data analysis demonstrated that self-sufficiency peaks during summer months due to high solar activity, while dependence on the utility grid increases in winter months. To improve self-sufficiency in winter, integrating alternative renewable energy sources to offset seasonal variations in solar activity is recommended. The results highlight the importance of implementing photovoltaic generation forecasting systems, demand-side management, and optimizing battery energy storage system operations to enhance microgrid efficiency. This study demonstrates the prospects of developing polygeneration systems in private households, particularly in the face of modern energy challenges. Keywords: polygeneration, microgrid, self-sufficiency, self-consumption, battery energy storage system, renewable energy sources, demand-side management.