Epidemiological Situation of Equine Herpesvirus in Kazakhstan: A Comprehensive Study

This study aims to address the lack of comprehensive epidemiological data on Equine Rhinopneumonitis in Kazakhstan by providing a detailed analysis of the disease's prevalence and distribution from 2021 to 2022.The purpose was to diagnose horses for the disease and implement measures for its treatment and prevention.To investigate the epidemiological situation of equine rhinopneumonitis in Kazakhstan, we collected data from three stud farms located in different regions of the country over the years 2021-2022.The sample included clinical, laboratory, and molecular-genetic data from horses exhibiting symptoms of the disease.During the period under review, the incidence of equine rhinopneumonitis increased, with five epidemiologically affected regions identified in Kazakhstan.The study found statistically significant differences in symptom prevalence among groups of horses with nasal discharge, coughing, fever, and apathy (F (3, 396) = 6.23,P=0.001).Analysis of age groups showed significant variations in morbidity rates (F(2, 297)=3.91,P=0.02).In 2022, the mean number of equine rhinopneumonitis cases was 155, while in 2023, it increased to 207.Additionally, the study revealed that the prevalence of the disease was higher in the North Kazakhstan region than in other regions.Analysis of phylogenetic data aids in understanding the virus's origin and its relationship with other strains, which can be instrumental in developing effective strategies for controlling and preventing Equine Rhinopneumonitis.