Unexpected Vascular Complications Resulting from Orthognathic Surgery:

This article reviews unexpected vascular complications resulting from orthognathic surgery, which could lead to a serious situation such as massive hemorrhage and cranial nerve disturbance.Firstly, the clinical course of our patient with arteriovenous malformation (AVM) preexisting in the maxillary arterial area is reported, with a review of the literature on AVM.The lesion was diagnosed through the symptoms of disturbance of facial and lingual nerves followed by pulsating tinnitus and facial swelling occurring after orthognathic surgery.It was successfully treated by embolization with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate monomer (NBCA) .In addition, we reviewed the literature on pseudoaneurysms (PA) and arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) resulting from orthognathic surgery.Consequently, we clarified the clinical symptoms, treatment strategy, and pathogenesis of AVM, PA, and AVF, and propose specific measures to prevent vascular injury during orthognathic surgery.