The Other Side of the Coin: A Multivariate Analysis of the Impact of Covid-19 For Face-to-Face Instruction in Post-Secondary Business Education

Face-to-face instruction has been studied for decades and yet is ever-changing and still has many challenges that need to be studied. The current work seeks to emphasize the need for study in two areas: 1) comparison of factors that impact face-to-face instruction and 2) impact of major disruptions on face-to-face instruction. Specifically, the current work looks at face-to-face instruction before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic to measure the presence of instructional quality gaps. The results significantly impact important metrics measuring student performance based on several factors during this timeframe. Results and future research are discussed.