State symbols in the perception of Russian and foreign students: a comparative analysis

Background. In the context of globalization and cultural transformation, state symbols play a crucial role in strengthening national identity and uniting citizens. Modern challenges, including information wars and political instability, necessitate research into the attitudes of young people toward state symbols. The article aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the perception of state symbols by Russian and international students, identifying factors that determine national pride and the level of patriotic consciousness. Materials and methods. The study is based on data from a questionnaire survey conducted among Russian and international students. Quantitative and qualitative analysis methods were used, including statistical processing of results and interpretation of data within the framework of theoretical approaches to national identity. Results. The analysis revealed that state symbols evoke a sense of pride in the majority of respondents, but international students demonstrate a higher level of attachment to national symbols. For both groups, the key factor of national pride remains the country's history; however, international students more often associate pride with national symbols, while Russian students link it to historical victories. State institutions are not a significant source of pride in either group, indicating a critical attitude of youth toward political structures. Conclusions. National pride is shaped by universal factors (history, culture, nature), but the cultural and political context of a country influences the perception of state symbols. In the Russian context, patriotism is oriented toward historical achievements, while in foreign countries, it is focused on national symbols and territorial belonging. To enhance the significance of state symbols among youth, it is advisable to use interactive educational projects and modern media formats.