Funding adequacy in government Urdu medium schools in Hyderabad: Perceptions of school principals

This study examines the adequacy of funding in government Urdu medium schools in Hyderabad from the perspective of school principals. The research explores financial allocation and utilization across key areas, including classroom supplies, infrastructure maintenance, student activities, teacher training, technological resources, and overall school operations. A survey-based approach was employed, using a structured research tool consisting of nine Likert-scale items to assess principals’ perceptions. The findings reveal both strengths and challenges in financial adequacy. While teacher training and fund utilization received favorable ratings, significant concerns emerged regarding insufficient funding for student activities, technological resources, and infrastructure maintenance. The study also assesses the impact of funding constraints on school operations and educational quality, highlighting the need for policy interventions to ensure equitable and effective resource allocation. The paper concludes with recommendations to enhance funding adequacy and improve financial management in these schools.