Suprasternal Bronchogenic Cyst Masquerading as Thyroid Swelling: A Case Report

Abnormal foregut budding during early embryonic development results in bronchogenic cysts, which are uncommon congenital anomalies that usually develop along the tracheobronchial tree, in the mediastinum, or inside the lung parenchyma. Bronchogenic cysts, which are lined with respiratory epithelium and filled with fluid or mucus, are frequently asymptomatic but might develop compressive symptoms or recurrent infections if they increase, get infected, or occasionally rupture. Imaging is usually used to make the diagnosis; magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography can show a well-defined cystic lesion. Asymptomatic cysts can occasionally be treated with observation, but severe or symptomatic cysts typically need to be surgically removed because of the risks of infection, compromised breathing, and, in rare cases, malignant transformation. This case report highlights a 30-year-old woman presenting with a longstanding suprasternal swelling initially suspected to be thyroid-related. The clinical findings, diagnostic evaluation, and surgical management are described.