Evaluation of yield and grain quality attributes in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes

An experiment was conducted with 12 rice genotypes viz., Kaladhan, Sarjoo 52, NDR 101, NDR 103, NDR 107, NDR 111, NDR 117, NDR 119, KHP 102, KHP 106, KHP 107 and KHP-108 for evaluation of its grain quality and yield contributing traits during kharif season 2023. The grain of rice genotypes was evaluated for total starch, amylose, protein, iron, zinc and phytic acid content. The highest starch content was recorded in KHP 107 (79.31 g/100 g), while the lowest was in NDR 101 (74.49 g/100 g). High amylose content was noted in KHP 106 (24.36 g), NDR 103 (23.17) and NDR 119 (22.36). The maximum protein (10.54 g/100 g), iron (17.45 ppm) and zinc (27.44 ppm) were recorded in Kaladhan and lowest in NDR 101. Phytic acid had a negative and significant correlation with iron. Protein is positively and significantly associated with iron, zinc and amylose content. A positive and significant correlation was observed in days between flowering, grains/panicle, and test weight with grain yield. The highest panicle length, number of grains/panicle, test weight and grain yield/plant was noted in NDR 107 (32.50cm), KHP 107 (152.33), NDR 101 (27.93 g) and Sarjoo 52 (51.58 g/plant) respectively under normal environmental condition. The nutritional quality of Kaladhan and the grain yield potential of Sarjoo 52 can be used to develop rice genotypes for high grain yields with nutritional quality through molecular breeding approaches.