Somatotypological features in the aspect of assessing physical fitness of students in the northern part of the central federal district of Russia

Background. Currently, there is an increase in scientific interest in the problem of constitutional peculiarities of young people and especially representatives of the student community of various professional fields, which is due to the importance of this aspect in the practice of preventive and clinical medicine. The purpose of the study: to identify the features of the level of physical fitness of students, taking into account sexual dimorphism and differences in morphological constitution. Materials and methods. A comprehensive study of constitutional anatomy in combination with physical fitness of students was conducted using the example of Yaroslavl State Medical University. It was attended by 398 students of the I-IV courses of medical, pediatric and dental faculties. The average age of the girls studied was 19.5 ± 1.1 years, and that of the boys was 18.9 ± 1.1 years. Students are classified according to their constitutional characteristics. Results. Significant differences in the anthropometric characteristics and indices of physical development of girls and boys representing different constitutional morphological types have been identified. The maximum differences in boys and girls were found between body weight, BMI, chest circumference and waist, Pinier index, waist/height index of representatives of hypersthenic and asthenic types, smaller differences in similar measurements were found in representatives of normosthenic and asthenic types. Significant differences in the physical fitness of the surveyed students were determined. Conclusions. Differences in the physical fitness of the subjects were recorded depending on gender and constitutional characteristics, which indicates the importance of systematically conducting such studies among students.