A Fractional Order Model Based on Salinity of Ocean for Climate Change

The ocean exerts a substantial influence on weather and ultimately climate due to its ability to absorb and retain solar radiation, disperse heat and moisture throughout the globe. Therefore, ocean salinity plays a fundamental role in the mechanisms of evaporation and precipitation. The salinity of ocean water varies throughout time due to multiple variables. Also, when precipitation occurs in the Arctic zone, the inclusion of freshwater weakens the ocean salinity. Moreover, the salinity of oceans increases throughout the process of evaporation. Thus, the presence of salinity in the ocean has a substantial influence on climate change. In this paper, a fractional order mathematical model is introduced for climate change by the inclusion of the salinity parameter. Thus, it leads to the integer order models for the value of fractional order in (0, 2). The numerical solution of the non-linear model is determined using the Laplace Adomian Decomposition method. The results of the model are compared with its integer order generalization by employing the different parameter settings.