PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE LEUCEMIA EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES NO ESTADO DO PIAUÍ, DE 2014 A 2024

Leukemia is a malignant neoplasm that affects the hematologic system and is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of leukemic cells in the bone marrow. This study aims to analyze the epidemiological profile of children and adolescents aged 0 to 19 years diagnosed with leukemia in the state of Piauí, between 2014 and 2024. This is a descriptive secondary-based research, with data obtained from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System through the Department of Information Technology of the Unified Health System. A total of 4,764 cases were registered in the analyzed period, with the highest number of hospitalizations observed in 2018. The highest prevalence was found in children between 1 and 9 years old, with a predominance of males (58.78%). Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia was the most common in children, especially between 2 and 5 years of age. The trends point to an overall increase in cases, possibly related to the expansion of health services, early diagnosis and environmental factors. The analysis reinforces the importance of public surveillance, prevention and treatment strategies, with a focus on reducing mortality and increasing survival. The research also contributes to the regional understanding of the disease, being essential for the formulation of public policies aimed at the vulnerable child and adolescent population.