Distribution of graduates of educational institutions of the system of state labor reserves in the Southern Urals during the fourth five–year plan (1946‒1950)

Relevance. The problem of providing qualified workers to the main sectors of the Russian economy is a serious challenge in the context of the current defense of Russia's national interests. Studying the provision of the national economy of the USSR with young workers – graduates of the state labor reserves after the end of the Great Patriotic War, especially using the example of the South Ural regions, allows us to understand and learn from the experience of providing the national economy of the Soviet Union with labor during the most difficult period of the country's reconstruction. The purpose of the study is to analyze the distribution of graduates of educational institutions of the system of state labor reserves in the Southern Urals during the fourth five–year plan (1946 – 1950). The objectives follow from the stated purpose of the study and consist in examining the numerical indicators of young workers graduated from colleges and factory training schools of the state labor reserves in the Southern Urals during the implementation of the fourth five-year plan (1946 – 1950). The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency. The work also used the historical and comparative method of historical research. Results. The system of state labor reserves during the implementation of the fourth five-year plan was one of the main sources of replenishment of the national economy of the Soviet Union with qualified personnel. The mass graduation of young workers in a short time covered the needs of a recovering country with workers. Conclusion. The distribution of graduates of educational institutions in the system of state labor reserves was centralized and planned. First of all, the interests of the leading sectors of the national economy, such as metallurgy, the fuel industry, construction, the coal and oil industries, and others, were taken into account. In total, 142 128 young workers were trained in educational institutions of the system of state labor reserves of the Kurgan, Chelyabinsk and Chkalov regions between 1946 and 1950. By the end of the 1940s, there was a closure of the national economy's need for mass workers trained in factory training schools, and there was a reorientation towards training highly qualified specialists in colleges.