Carbon-derived pitch assisted surface modification of anode materials for lithium-ion batteries: Status and future perspectives

Although rechargeable batteries have emerged as the preferred choice for solid-state energy storage, addressing the requirements for efficient and high-capacity batteries requires developing durable and stable electrode materials. The predominant use of graphite and silicon as components of the negative electrodes requires managing solid electrolyte interphase formation and large volume changes that contribute to capacity loss and degradation in lithium-ion batteries. To mitigate these challenges, surface modification using pitch-based carbon offers a cost-effective strategy to enhance the mechanical and electrical properties of electrodes, thereby rendering them suitable for rechargeable battery applications. Consequently, researchers have studied pitch coatings to regulate solid electrolyte interphase formation, augment capacity, and improve stability. This review synthesizes the existing literature on pitch-based carbon coatings, highlighting their advantageous effects on electrode properties and electrochemical performance in lithium-ion batteries. Special emphasis is placed on graphite and silicon-based anodes, alongside other electrode types, with various pitch coating studies being summarized and critically, providing researchers insightful guidance for the continued advancement of reliable and practical electrode materials. Furthermore, this review thoroughly examines the impact of pitch synthesis methodologies, morphology, and application scale on the enhancement of substrate material properties. Ultimately, we suggest that upcoming research concentrate on pitch derived from bio-based and sustainable materials to lessen dependence on fossil fuels and investigate the use of pitch modification in tackling interfacial challenges within all-solid-state batteries. • Carbon-derived pitch has significant potential in surface modification of battery electrodes. • Graphene anode exhibits enhanced electrochemical properties by pitch coating. • Pitch layer suppresses volume expansion of silicon-based anode, ensuring long-term reliability. • Exploring sustainable sources and investigating interactions with various electrodes are crucial for progress.