Characterization ok risk factor associated with oral cancer in Guane region. Pinar del Río. Cuba

Introduction: Head and neck cancer is a group of neoplasms that share a similar anatomical origin, most of which originate from the mucosa that covers the epithelium of the upper digestive airways. The term oral cancer includes: cancer of the lips, oral cavity, oropharynx and salivary glands. Methods: A descriptive, analytical and observational study was conducted. The study universe was made up of patients over 15 years of age from the 25th Medical officer of the “Manuel Piti Fajardo” Main Emergency Polyclinic, in Guane, Pinar del Río, Cuba; with the aim of screening the risk factors associated with the appearance of oral cancer. Results: Of 1038 individuals surveyed, the male sex was the most prevalent with 60.3%, 58 individuals were found with precancerous lesions. The age group over 60 years was the most affected by lesions in the oral cavity. Smoking was the risk factor with the highest incidence with 19.5% of those studied. Subprosthetic stomatitis was the most prevalent lesion with 3.7%; followed by leukoplakia. The hard palate was the most affected anatomical location with 7% of affected individuals. Conclusions: The predominant sex presenting lesions was male. The age group 60 years and older was the most affected by presenting lesions. Smoking was the most common risk factor. Subprosthetic stomatitis predominated as a lesion. The hard palate was anatomically the most affected region.