Biological factors of risk in those born under weight: index predictivo of the infantile mortality

Low birth weight is the most important predictive index of infant mortality and is an important public health problem. An investigation of cases and controls was carried out in women who gave birth to children with low birth weight, from the urban family doctor's offices belonging to the Camilo Cienfuegos Gorrieran health area of San Cristóbal, during the period 2020- 2022, with the objective of identifying the biological risk factors that were most frequently associated; 32 cases and 53 controls were studied from a universe of 521 live births. It was shown that maternal age up to 19 years and 35 years and older, insufficient weight gain during gestation, family history of prematurity, threat of preterm delivery and premature rupture of membranes, were risk factors present in the cases, and this coincides with what was reported by some authors in reviewed research. The identification of maternal factors associated with LBW will serve to strengthen promotion and prevention strategies aimed at the population at risk. Future population-based studies to extrapolate these results should be carried out in the rest of Artemisa province.