The ANTARES detector: Two decades of neutrino searches in the Mediterranean Sea

Interest for studying cosmic neutrinos using deep-sea detectors has increased after the discovery of a diffuse flux of cosmic neutrinos by the IceCube collaboration and the possibility of wider multi-messenger studies with the observations of gravitational waves. The ANTARES detector was the first neutrino telescope in seawater, operating successfully in the Mediterranean Sea for more than a decade and a half. All challenges related to the operation in the deep sea were accurately addressed by the collaboration. Deployment and connection operations became smoother over time; data taking and constant re-calibration of the detector due to the variable environmental conditions were fully automated. A wealth of results on the subject of astroparticle physics, particle physics and multi-messenger astronomy have been obtained, despite the relative modest size of the detector, paving the way to a new generation of larger undersea detectors. This review summarizes the efforts by the ANTARES collaboration that made the possibility to operate neutrino telescopes in seawater a reality and the results obtained in this endeavor.

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Journal
Physics Reports
Published
2025-05-10
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2025.04.001
Citations
3
Primary Topic
Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
5.61

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The ANTARES detector: Two decades of neutrino searches in the Mediterranean Sea

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Physics Reports
Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
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The ANTARES detector: Two decades of neutrino searches in the Mediterranean Sea

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article en
3 citations

Abstract

Interest for studying cosmic neutrinos using deep-sea detectors has increased after the discovery of a diffuse flux of cosmic neutrinos by the IceCube collaboration and the possibility of wider multi-messenger studies with the observations of gravitational waves. The ANTARES detector was the first neutrino telescope in seawater, operating successfully in the Mediterranean Sea for more than a decade and a half. All challenges related to the operation in the deep sea were accurately addressed by the collaboration. Deployment and connection operations became smoother over time; data taking and constant re-calibration of the detector due to the variable environmental conditions were fully automated. A wealth of results on the subject of astroparticle physics, particle physics and multi-messenger astronomy have been obtained, despite the relative modest size of the detector, paving the way to a new generation of larger undersea detectors. This review summarizes the efforts by the ANTARES collaboration that made the possibility to operate neutrino telescopes in seawater a reality and the results obtained in this endeavor.

Physics ReportsVol. 1121-1124
Mohammed V University (MA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Universitat de València (ES), Université Paris Cité (FR), Aix-Marseille Université (FR), Université de Haute-Alsace (FR), Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie (FR), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (FR), National Institute for Subatomic Physics (NL), National Centre for Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology (MA), Instituto de Física Corpuscular (ES), Mohamed I University (MA), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (IT), Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary (RO), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna (IT), Universitat Politècnica de València (ES), Université de Strasbourg (FR), University of Amsterdam (NL), University of Bologna (IT)
Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, Ministerul Cercetării, Inovării şi Digitalizării, European Commission, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Generalitat Valenciana, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Conseil Régional Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Conseil Régional d'Alsace, European Regional Development Fund, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Labex UnivEarthS, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules
Life below water
Openalex Percentile: Top 5%
Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
5.61
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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