Strategic Optimization of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Placement in Romania

Abstract The article studies a variant of the facility location problem applied for electric vehicle charging station infrastructure in Romania. The best places are chosen from the locations without a charging station to minimize a combination between the maximum distance from a location without a charging station to the closest location with a charging station, the total electricity consumption of each location, the $$CO_2$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> emission for each city based on the electrical grid configuration, and the electric vehicles penetration rate for respective locations. A formulation using mixed integer linear programming is presented, along with the results of the conducted simulations.