A Systematic Literature Review of Autistic Adolescents’ Understanding and Experiences of Belonging

Abstract Many autistic adolescents experience difficulties finding belonging; however, the current understanding of belonging is from non-autistic perspectives. A stronger understanding of belonging from the autistic perspective is critical to improve autistic adolescents’ well-being. We systematically reviewed articles published from January 2013 to May 2023 investigating autistic adolescents’ understanding and experiences with belonging. Nine studies met inclusion criteria ( n = 245), and themes across respondents were identified using inductive methods. Autistic adolescents identified components essential for belonging, including authenticity, similarity, reciprocity, and meaning (e.g., autonomy, respect, support, acceptance). Adolescents’ conceptualizations of belonging highlight their desire to be themselves while finding deep connections with others. Society can continue to move towards an environment that supports autistic adolescents and acknowledges their individuality.