The Analysis of Sociodemographic Modulators of Early Pediatric Cochlear Implantation: The Truth and Myths

Abstract Context: Cochlear implantation has revolutionized the management of profound hearing loss; however, the timing of cochlear implantation can significantly impact outcomes. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the impact of the sociodemographic depictions as modulators of access to an early pediatric expeditious cochlear implantation. Settings and Design: A retrospective observational study of 221 cochlear implant recipients at the institute aged 14 years and below. Materials and Methods: Data on demographic variables, including gender, religion (Hindu, Muslim, Sikh, Christian), urban–rural location, socioeconomic status (SES), family history of congenital deafness, and maternal education, were collected. Maternal education was measured as the highest number of years completed in the education center. Statistical Analysis Used: Preliminary data management and basic statistical analyses were conducted using Microsoft Excel (v16.0). The data were further analyzed using Stata, version 18.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, United States). Results: When investigating factors influencing early implantation, urban residence (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.10–8.85; P = 0.03), and family history of congenital deafness (OR, 5.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.33–2.42; P = 0.01) were associated with increased odds. Non-Hindu religions such as Muslims (relative risk, 4.90; 95% confidence interval, 3.35–7.16; P < 0.001) and others had a relatively higher likelihood of receiving cochlear implantation compared to the Hindu religion. Gender, maternal education, and SES were not associated with early intervention. Conclusions: Families from rural areas, unaware of congenital deafness and certain religious affiliations, may be at increased risk of delayed cochlear implantation.