Pelvic Inclination, Core Stability and Their Impact on Low Back Pain

Pelvic inclination and core stability play a crucial role in maintaining spinal alignment and mechanical load distribution. Altered pelvic inclination, particularly increased anterior pelvic tilt, has been implicated in the development and persistence of chronic low back pain (LBP). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between pelvic inclination, core stability, and LBP and to evaluate the effects of a core stability training program on pain, disability, and pelvic alignment. A total of 60 patients with chronic LBP (aged 21–60 years) were recruited and assigned to an intervention group (n = 30) or control group (n = 30). Baseline assessments included anterior pelvic tilt, sacral slope, plank endurance time, pain intensity (Numeric Pain Rating Scale, NPRS), and disability (Oswestry Disability Index, ODI). The intervention group underwent a 6-week core stability training program, while the control group continued routine care. Post-intervention changes were analyzed using paired and independent t-tests. Baseline analysis showed significantly greater anterior pelvic tilt (16.4° ± 3.2° vs. 12.1° ± 2.8°, p < 0.001) and reduced core endurance (38.5 ± 8.2 sec vs. 62.1 ± 9.3 sec, p < 0.001) in LBP patients compared to controls. Following the intervention, the intervention group showed significant improvements in pain (6.3 ± 1.2 to 3.1 ± 1.0, p < 0.001), ODI scores (42.7 ± 7.5% to 25.3 ± 6.8%, p < 0.001), and anterior pelvic tilt (16.4° ± 3.2° to 13.7° ± 2.9°, p = 0.002). This study highlights the impact of pelvic inclination and core stability on LBP. A 6-week core stability intervention significantly improved pain, disability, and pelvic alignment, emphasizing the importance of core training in LBP rehabilitation. Key words: Pelvic inclination, Core stability, Low back pain, Core endurance