Analysis of Uganda’s Anti-Homosexuality Act (AHA) and its Implications on Access to Healthcare Services by the LGBTQI + Communities

This study examines the implications of Uganda’s Anti-Homosexuality Act (AHA) on access to healthcare services for LGBTQI+ communities. Enacted in 2023, the AHA has sparked significant controversy owing to its potential to increase discrimination and hinder public health efforts, particularly in HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment. This study employs a qualitative approach that combines legal analysis and focus group discussions to provide a nuanced understanding of the impact of the law. The findings reveal a complex landscape in which the AHA directly conflicts with international human rights standards and creates substantial barriers to healthcare access for LGBTQI+ individuals. Many respondents reported heightened fear and reluctance to seek medical services, citing experiences of discrimination and breaches of confidentiality. This research also uncovered the coping mechanisms developed by LGBTQI+ communities, including underground support networks and the increased use of telemedicine services. Recommendations include strengthening advocacy efforts, providing ethical training for healthcare providers, establishing safe spaces for LGBTQI+ healthcare services, and diplomatically engaging international partners in aligning policies with global human rights standards. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on the intersection of law, health policy, and human rights. It provides valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and human rights advocates working to ensure equitable access to healthcare services in contexts in which discriminatory legislation poses significant challenges.