The Application of Nanoparticle-Delivered dsRNA in Agricultural and Forestry Plant Pests and Diseases Control

随着全球森林和农作物病虫害问题的日益严重，传统化学农药防治方法因其环境污染和生物抗性问题而受到公众的质疑。近年来，越来越多的研究者将目光转向RNA干扰(RNAi)技术，利用RNAi的特性控制农林植物病虫害，并减少对环境的负面影响。本综述聚焦于RNAi技术的原理、外源性dsRNA的应用，并分析目前面临的机遇和挑战。同时探讨纳米颗粒在dsRNA递送应用方面的研究进展，如壳聚糖纳米颗粒(CNPs)、层状氢氧化物(LDH)和星形阳离子聚合物(SPc)等，这些纳米颗粒可以有效保护dsRNA并提高其传递效率。这些研究为农林业可持续发展提供了新的解决方案，有助于保护森林植被和提高农作物的产量与质量。With the increasing problems of pest and disease of global forests and crops, traditional chemical pesticide control methods are being questioned due to environmental pollution and biological resistance issues. However, recently, more researchers have turned to RNA interference (RNAi) technology, using the properties of RNAi to control plant pests and diseases, reducing the negative impact on the environments. This review focuses on the principles of RNAi technology, the applications of exogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), while analyzing the associated opportunities and challenges. Additionally, we explored the research progress in nanoparticle delivery systems for dsRNA, such as chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs), layered double hydroxide (LDH), and star polycation (SPc), which effectively protect dsRNA and enhance its delivery efficiency. These studies provide innovative solutions for sustainable agricultural and forestry development, contributing to the preservation of forest and the improvement of crop yields and quality.