The Impact of Organizational Culture and Transformational Leadership on Job Stress and Burnout in Oil Palm Plantation Companies: Moderating Role of Job Demands and Coworker Trust in Paser Regency, Indonesia

This study examines the influence of organizational culture and transformational leadership on job stress and burnout among employees at oil palm plantation enterprises in Paser District, Indonesia. It also considers job demands and coworker trust as moderating factors. Despite the palm oil industry's significant contribution to the economy, plantation workers often face unfair treatment, low wages, labor exploitation, inadequate living conditions, and heavy workloads. The lack of effective union management and an ‘anything goes’ culture among workers has led to continued oppression and a lack of trust in unions. Oil palm laborers face the potential hazards of infectious infections, psychological strain, psychiatric disorders, and pesticide exposure as a result of their job and living conditions. Many workers are dissatisfied with their employment status and income, and their participation in social security and health programs is minimal. Companies often avoid responsibility for work accidents and do not enroll workers in social security programs. Employment relationships between companies and workers are sometimes conducted illegally without labor contracts, leading to violations of workers' rights. Job stress and burnout are major problems in the palm oil industry, with workers experiencing fatigue and cynicism towards their work. This study used a sample of 275 workers from palm oil plantations. This study aimed to provide an understanding of the factors that contribute to job stress and burnout among oil palm plantation workers and to suggest potential interventions to improve their well-being and working conditions.