Temporal and Spatial Evolution Characteristics of Vegetation NPP and Its Response to Climate Change in Heilongjiang Province

为了揭示黑龙江省植被NPP时空演变规律及气候变化响应，对区域生态系统的保护与建设、合理利用与可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。本文基于MOD17A3HGF数据和气象数据，分析黑龙江省植被NPP时空演变特征，并进一步分析其对气候变化的响应。结果表明：(1) 黑龙江省植被NPP表现为增加趋势，增速为4.13 gC·m−2·a−1，表现为增加趋势的面积占比为96.59%，其中表现显著的面积占比为82.22%，增速最快和最慢的城市分别为伊春市(6.29 gC·m−2·a−1)和鸡西市(2.01 gC·m−2·a−1)；增速最快和最慢的植被类型分别为草原(6.22 gC·m−2·a−1)和沼泽(2.29 gC·m−2·a−1)。(2) 植被NPP多年均值为433.75 gC·m−2·a−1，在空间上表现为西南部和东北部低，东南部高的空间分布格局。(3) 植被NPP的Hurst指数平均值为0.43，其中表现为反持续性的面积占比最高，占比为77.27%。(4) 偏相关结果表明降水对植被的生长明显高于气温。In order to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution of vegetation NPP and its response to climate change in Heilongjiang Province, it has important practical significance for the protection and construction, rational utilization and sustainable development of regional ecosystems. Based on MOD17A3HGF data and meteorological data, this paper analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of vegetation NPP in Heilongjiang Province and further analyzes its response to climate change. The results show that: (1) The vegetation NPP in Heilongjiang Province shows an increasing trend with a growth rate of 4.13 gC·m−2·a−1. The area showing an increasing trend accounts for 96.59%, of which the area showing a significant trend accounts for 82.22%. The cities with the fastest and slowest growth rates are Yichun City (6.29 gC·m−2·a−1) and Jixi City (2.01 gC·m−2·a−1), respectively. The vegetation types with the fastest and slowest growth rates are grassland (6.22 gC·m−2·a−1) and swamp (2.29 gC·m−2·a−1), respectively. (2) The multi-year mean value of vegetation NPP is 433.75 gC·m−2·a−1, and the spatial distribution pattern is low in the southwest and northeast, and high in the southeast. (3) The average value of the Hurst index of vegetation NPP is 0.43, among which the area showing anti-persistence accounts for the highest proportion, accounting for 77.27%. (4) The partial correlation results show that precipitation has a significantly greater impact on vegetation growth than temperature.