Analysis of charged compact stars with Bardeen black hole in f(𝔔,𝒯 ) gravity

This study investigates the behavior of charged compact stars within the [Formula: see text] gravitational framework, where [Formula: see text] denotes the non-metricity scalar and [Formula: see text] represents the trace of the energy–momentum tensor. Recognized as a promising model for explaining the accelerated expansion of the universe, this approach offers a strong theoretical foundation. A central focus of this research is the application of Bardeen’s model to describe the exterior spacetime. Additionally, the study examines the internal structure of compact stars using a solution based on the Finch–Skea metric potential. Various physical properties, including energy density, pressure components, anisotropy, energy conditions and equation of state parameters are analyzed through graphical representations. Equilibrium conditions are explored via the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation while key characteristics such as the mass–radius relationship, compactness, surface redshift and stability criteria based on the causality condition and adiabatic index are thoroughly evaluated. The analysis concludes that the proposed solutions for charged compact stars in this framework are both theoretically consistent and physically valid.