DETERMINATION OF THE COMPONENT COMPOSITION OF PHENOLIC EXTRACTS FROM THE PURIFICATION OF PETROLEUM OILS

The paper studies samples of phenolic extracts of aromatic hydrocarbons from the purification of medium, heavy, and residual oils of an oil refinery. The component composition of phenolic extracts was studied using physicochemical research methods. The group composition of the hydrocarbon part obtained after the removal of resins and distillation of petroleum ether was determined by the adsorption method. To separate the fractions of the phenol extract, the physicochemical constants were determined, and a structural-group analysis of the aromatic fractions was carried out. In aromatic concentrates after phenolic purification of oils, the amount of aromatic hydrocarbons was 49-57%, n-paraffin - about 6%, and isoparaffin-naphthenic - 23-30%. To separate the hydrocarbon mixture into the paraffin-naphthenic and aromatic parts, silica gel was used. Based on the results obtained, the average number of aromatic rings in the molecules of the two aromatic fractions increases from 1.8 to 2.8, which indicates the presence of naphthalene derivatives with an increase in the number of carbons in the side chain from 9 to 15. The completeness of separation of aromatic hydrocarbons on synthetic zeolites of the CaX and NaX types was studied. The results of the conducted research allow us to establish a new approach to the rational use of large-tonnage waste–phenolic extract, which allows for the beneficial use of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and resinous substances.