Electroreductive Valorization of Biomass-Derived Aromatic Compounds with Metal Nanomaterials

Electroreductive valorization of aromatic compounds sourced from biomass, utilizing water as a green hydrogen source, epitomizes a pioneering and sustainable strategy for synthesizing high-value chemicals. This upgrading process reduces the dependence on fossil fuels by leveraging sustainably replenishable organic materials. Intricate reaction pathways and competitive side reactions are key challenges, necessitating the utilization of advanced nanocatalysts. Fortunately, in recent years, researchers have dedicated significant efforts to address these issues by employing various metal nanocatalysts. However, a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the relationship between metal catalysts and specific reductive reactions in upgrading biomass-derived aromatic compounds hinders the advancement of this field. This mini-review aims to elucidate the interactions between reactants/intermediates and specific metal elements, along with the suitability of the catalysts. Initially, the origins of representative aromatic molecules, which are fundamental for upgrading biomass, are summarized. Subsequently, recent advancements in the catalytic upgrading of phenol, cyclohexanone, furfural, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural are introduced, focusing on the activity relationships between specific reactions and metal catalysts. Finally, key challenges and future perspectives are proposed, with the aim of accelerating the industrialized electroreductive valorization of biomass-derived aromatic compounds and the green synthesis of chemicals. © 2025 Chinese Chemical Society