TO THE DISCOURSE OF THE CREATION OF THE THERAPEUTIC FAIRY TALE: TRADITIONS AND INNOVATION

Background. The question of the mechanism of creating a folk tale has not lost its relevance, despite the large number of fundamental studies. Today, psychologists of various directions are in demand in the labor market. Among them are fairy tale therapists. Therapeutic fairy tales are the main means of personality rehabilitation, which is used in fairy tale therapy. Methods. The research methodology combines the works of folklorists and psychologists on the issues of the history of development, research, plot creation and the structure of fairy tales as a source of self-identification of the individual, therefore, descriptive and systematic analysis methods were used. Results. The article first emphasizes the need for joint work of folklorists-fairy tale experts and psychologists-fairy tale therapists on the problems of practical use of traditional fairy tale studies. The issue of understanding the professional functions of a fairy tale therapist and the existence of a theory of fairy tale therapy is raised. The emphasis is on its appropriate and ethical use in folklore and psychology. Studying the fairy tale as a semantic and ideological entity, its connection with related sciences (philosophy, psychology, sociology, and others) is traced, the possibilities of borrowing methods of influence on a person are indicated, the structure of a therapeutic fairy tale is detailed. Attention is paid to the connection between folk and therapeutic fairy tales, taking into account the problems of perception of fairy tales as entertaining, educational, informative and psychotherapeutic. Conclusions. The approach to using a borrowed foreign practical component of fairy tale therapy trainings is refuted. It is noted that depending on the type (about animals, magical, everyday), fairy tales have limits of fantasy and an established structure, when violated, not only the genre feature is lost, but also the functional purpose of the texts. Having reviewed collections of folk tales, a psychotherapist, speech therapist, defectologist, teacher will be able to understand how to create a fairy tale without violating the folk model. It is possible to assume that folk tales were also told with a corrective purpose (in addition to the didactic one), believing in the power of words, which can change the scenario of a person's life and heal the wounds of the soul. Today, in the conditions of war, when the need for psychological treatment has become so acute, it is Ukrainian specialists in pedagogy, psychology, and folklore who have to face the challenges of word treatment.