Making the diagnosis of degenerative cervical myelopathy in clinical practice: essential evidence-based examination tools for healthcare practitioners

Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by cervical spinal cord compression, leading to significant disability worldwide. The variability in clinical presentations and the subtle onset of symptoms make early diagnosis challenging, often resulting in delayed intervention. The objective of this study is to provide an evidence-based approach for the clinical examination and diagnosis of DCM, aimed at enhancing the role of general practitioners and allied health providers in early detection. Early identification and appropriate intervention in DCM are critical to mitigating irreversible neurological deficits and improving long-term patient outcomes. General practitioners play a key role in the initial recognition of DCM signs and symptoms, which is crucial for timely referral to specialist care and diagnostic imaging, such as MRI. Enhanced awareness and understanding among primary care providers can significantly reduce diagnostic delays and improve management strategies.