The Mediating Effect of Cooperative Learning on the Relationship Between Learning Environment and Language Skills of Students: A Mixed Methods Study

Language skill is the capacity to create and convey meaning through the use of the English language, including reading, writing, speaking, and listening (Eslit & Michael, 2013). Having high proficiency in one’s language skill is significant especially for college students – especially those who are English Majors in their transition towards being professional (Norcross, 2020). As cited by Borkala (2022), language skills are a sought-after tenet that employers look for with their employees – it decides if one can get a job or not. However, due to the differences of first language and English as a second or foreign language, Wang and Li (2013) as supported by Wilczewski and Alon (2022) posited that college students who are non-native English speakers may find it difficult to speak, write, listen, and read in English as opposed to their lingua franca.