Retroperitoneal growth of high‑grade serous ovarian carcinoma: A case report

High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), an epithelial ovarian carcinoma, is primarily believed to originate from fallopian tube epithelial cells. This site of origin facilitates the dissemination of tumor cells to retroperitoneal organs or tissues, unrestricted by anatomical barriers, thereby promoting metastasis. The present report describes a rare case of HGSOC presenting with retroperitoneal involvement, and provides a comprehensive literature review on its pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies and prognosis. The critical role of timely abdominal and pelvic imaging, along with tumor marker analysis, to evaluate patients with retroperitoneal tumors and nonspecific symptoms is emphasized. This approach aids in identifying the origin of retroperitoneal masses and facilitates the early diagnosis of metastatic HGSOC. Notably, an elevated serum CA125 level should raise suspicion of an ovarian malignancy.