Design of multichannel sensor antenna for electromagnetic pulse electric field measurement

Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) is a common electromagnetic radiation and its protection and measurement are of great significance. The interference sources of broadband sensor to measure electromagnetic pulse electric field mainly include mobile communication, satellite navigation, radio and television, etc. Although the current mobile communication occupies a wide bandwidth, it still has gaps. Narrowband antennas are used to receive the electromagnetic wave signals between these gaps and combine curve fitting technology to restore the amplitude spectrum. Finally, the time-domain waveform can be obtained by inverse Fourier transform of the restored amplitude spectrum and the original phase spectrum. This method can improve the anti-noise performance of electromagnetic pulse electric field measurement. Based on this, a three-channel sensor antenna is designed. Its operating frequency band is selected in the gap of the frequency band used in mobile communication. The working frequency band of the antenna is located in the gap of the three mobile communication frequency bands: 1300MHz-1400MHz, 2200 MHZ-2300 MHz and 4200 MHZ-4400mhz. The coupling coefficients between antenna elements are all less than -10dB, which indicates that the antenna has a good isolation effect. The maximum antenna gain in the three frequency bands is 2.8dB, 3.42dB and 3.2dB respectively, which has good receiving performance.