Code-Mixed English-Indian Languages: Hate Speech Dataset Analysis

In the era of Social Media Networks (SMN) and Online Forum (OF) such as Facebook, Instagram, Blogging Sites, Gaming Platforms etc., users tend to comment significantly in English and Indian Code Mixed (CM) languages. Code-mixing is a common manifestation in linguistically diverse social groups such as India. Many people do not know English, so thousands of people on these platforms write comments in code-mixed languages such as Hindi-English (Hinglish). Researchers have retrieved comments on the CM language from SMN and OF. Many people respond in the form of Hate Speech (HS) and Offensive Language (OL) to insult or hurt others, a person, or specific groups. SMN and OF encounter issues with pinpointing and eradicating HS and disagreeable information in diverse CM Indian languages. OL is straightforwardly or inadvertently used in hate speech posts to demean someone and that can cause psychological distress to persons. So, a specific and effective Code Mixed dataset and classification are required to detect HS and OL. Therefore, in this study, we carried out an in-depth analysis on the retrieval methodology and classification of existing data sets for HS and OL. In this paper, we study and analyze 6 (SIX) datasets that were widely adopted in the literature.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Published
2025-03-06
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1109/iatmsi64286.2025.10985608
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
2.48
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Code-Mixed English-Indian Languages: Hate Speech Dataset Analysis

Rahul Pradhan, Manisha Saini, Dilip Kumar Sharma
1 citations
Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection
2.48
article

Code-Mixed English-Indian Languages: Hate Speech Dataset Analysis

Rahul Pradhan, Manisha Saini, Dilip Kumar Sharma
article en
1 citations

Abstract

In the era of Social Media Networks (SMN) and Online Forum (OF) such as Facebook, Instagram, Blogging Sites, Gaming Platforms etc., users tend to comment significantly in English and Indian Code Mixed (CM) languages. Code-mixing is a common manifestation in linguistically diverse social groups such as India. Many people do not know English, so thousands of people on these platforms write comments in code-mixed languages such as Hindi-English (Hinglish). Researchers have retrieved comments on the CM language from SMN and OF. Many people respond in the form of Hate Speech (HS) and Offensive Language (OL) to insult or hurt others, a person, or specific groups. SMN and OF encounter issues with pinpointing and eradicating HS and disagreeable information in diverse CM Indian languages. OL is straightforwardly or inadvertently used in hate speech posts to demean someone and that can cause psychological distress to persons. So, a specific and effective Code Mixed dataset and classification are required to detect HS and OL. Therefore, in this study, we carried out an in-depth analysis on the retrieval methodology and classification of existing data sets for HS and OL. In this paper, we study and analyze 6 (SIX) datasets that were widely adopted in the literature.

GLA University (IN)
Openalex Percentile: Top 11%
Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection
2.48
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.

Code-Mixed English-Indian Languages: Hate Speech Dataset Analysis — Rahul Pradhan, Manisha Saini, et al. · (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS