Optimal Coordination of Adaptive Overcurrent Relay for Microgrid System Using Hybrid PSO-LP

This paper specializes on determining of optimal overcurrent relay coordination, which is imperative for primary and backup overcurrent relays using hybrid particle swam optimization (PSO) and linear programing (LP). Inspection is conducted on a 4-bus radial system connected to distributed energy resources (DER). The pick-up current is determined using PSO, meanwhile the time multiplier setting (TMS) is determined by LP, to solve the overcurrent relay (OCR) coordination problem. The results demonstrate a significant reduction in relay operating time, showing improved efficiency compared to conventional methods.