Design and Simulation of Battery Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicles

The continuously evolving technologies for sustainable future such as electric mobility and renewable energy systems demand efficient battery thermal management system. It plays a critical role in ensuring the performance, longevity, and safety of energy storage systems. Batteries, especially in electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage applications, are sensitive to temperature fluctuations, which directly impact their efficiency, cycle life, and risk of failure. A well-designed battery thermal management system regulates battery temperature, mitigating the effects of overheating or excessive cooling that can degrade battery cells and lead to dangerous situations like thermal runaway. This paper explores modelling, design and simulation of battery thermal management system including active cooling methods such as liquid cooling by using MATLAB/SIMULINK along with SIMSCAPE. Through the simulation work, variation of battery cell temperature with coolant displacement pump pressure gain has been investigated. By using this solution for next-generation battery technologies, industries can lower environmental impact and provide sustainable solutions. This research emphasizes the importance of battery thermal management system in driving a sustainable future, aligning with global goals for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and transitioning to a sustainable energy ecosystem such as electrical vehicular transportation system.