Experimental Analysis of Energy Consumption in an Electric ATV Agricultural Robot Under Varying Loads and Terrain Conditions

Under current environmental conditions, traditional agriculture often faces significant problems such as labor shortages, unstable crop yields, and inappropriate and wasteful resource use. Robotic technology is an alternative and rationale for automating work to increase its accuracy. Agricultural robots are set to play a key role in modern agriculture, which requires significant increases in efficiency, precision, energy, and environmental sustainability. However, another important problem in driving robots to work efficiently is effectively planning energy use to plan work and reduce costs. Agricultural robots that move to carry heavy objects require much energy. Suppose there is a mathematical model that helps calculate energy use under different load conditions and work areas. In that case, it will allow robots to manage the time to charge energy and work efficiently. From the simple energy consumption modeling experiment using the data of the movement speed and the robot parameters such as weight and gear ratio and comparing with the actual energy measurement from the battery, The trend of energy consumption compared to the horizontal movement condition tends in the same direction. The electrical energy supplied to the system was found to be higher than the energy used in the movement calculated from the model. Reasonable regarding the efficiency of the motor and drive units in the specified straight-line condition with an estimated value of 60% and in the specified incline at approximately 25%.