Monitoring and Mapping Vegetation Dynamics Using Sentinel-2 Imagery

For sustainable land use planning, biodiversity preservation, and environmental management, an understanding of vegetation dynamics is essential. This study uses Sentinel-2 satellite image of Mysuru region to examine changes in vegetation over a six-year period from 2016 to 2021. We evaluate the density and health of the vegetation throughout the area by computing the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). To measure the distribution and structure of the vegetation, a number of statistical measures are calculated. This thorough statistical method offers insights into trend analysis and vegetation variability. We identified areas with notable vegetation growth or degradation between 2016 and 2021 using change detection methodology to assess temporal changes. On comparing the vegetation coverage in year 2016 and 2021, it has been found that there is a drastic decrease in both moderate vegetation and dense vegetation. The percentage decrease in dense vegetation is 99.7% and percentage decrease in moderate vegetation is 48.5%.The resulting vegetation maps provide researchers, conservationists, and local officials with useful materials that help them make well-informed decisions on climate adaptation plans, ecosystem preservation, and regional development.