Risk Assessment of Natural Gas Pipeline Dispersion Using ALOHA Modelling and Remote Sensing Techniques

Chemical process industries pose a significant threat to surrounding communities due to the potential for accidental releases of hazardous materials. This study investigates the consequence of a natural gas pipeline leak at the ONGC Tripura Power Company (OTPC) Palatana Power Plant in India. ALOHA software was employed to model various hazard scenarios, including toxic vapor clouds, flammable areas, and blast waves. The results identified three distinct threat zones for each scenario, categorized by concentration or pressure impact level. The most concerning zone for toxic vapor clouds encompassed an area exceeding the PAC-3 level, indicating a high risk of death. Flammable areas extended outwards, reaching concentrations above the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL). Finally, the blast wave zone exhibited pressure variations capable of causing significant structural damage and injuries. This study emphasizes the importance of computer-aided risk assessment in evaluating potential hazards associated with industrial facilities. The findings can inform the development of emergency response plans and mitigation strategies to minimize the impact of accidental releases.