Design and Analysis of Wideband Graphene Antenna for THz Communication

This article presents a wideband Graphene antenna for THz communication. The antenna’s radiating arms are filled with graphene strips, and by adjusting the graphene’s electrical properties, the surface current distribution changes, allowing the antenna response to be tuned through the input port. This proposed antenna uses a microstrip patch based on a 60 × 60 μm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> polyimide substrate (ϵ<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> = 3.5) and copper on the ground layer (thickness = 0.035 μm), with the conducting parts and feedline made up of graphene in the form of a square patch with a hexagonal ring at the center and four circular rings on the corners. With this design, the maximum gain of 4.5 dB is attained. The antenna design is optimized using a structural parametric design. optimization is also used to optimize the proposed antenna by adjusting various geometrical factors. The antenna's wideband response makes it optimal for high-speed communication systems and is ideal for future wireless applications requiring simultaneous transmission and reception systems.