AI-Enhanced Resource Allocation for LPWAN-Based LoRaWAN:A Hybrid TinyML and Deep Learning Approach

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) offers a promising approach to address resource constraints and dynamic network conditions inherent in these networks. However, deploying complex AI algorithms on resource-limited edge devices presents significant challenges due to their limited computational capabilities. In this study, we propose a hybrid Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) and Deep Neural Network (DNN)-based solution for optimizing resource allocation in LPWAN-based LoRaWAN networks, targeting both static and mobile applications. Our approach leverages the strengths of a 1-D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model implemented on the network server, combined with TinyML models deployed on edge devices. The CNN-LSTM model predicts optimal spreading factor and transmission power by analyzing spatial and temporal patterns from real-time data, while the TinyML models enable edge devices to autonomously adjust communication parameters in resource-constrained and disconnected scenarios. This hybrid framework enhances network performance by improving the packet success ratio (PSR), maximizing energy efficiency, and addressing the challenges posed by dynamic IoT environments.