Design and Analysis of Multiple Non-Overlapping Transmitter DIWC Systems

Dynamic Inductive Wireless Charging (<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DIWC</i>) systems with multiple transmitter (<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Tx</i>) coils have gained attention from researchers worldwide. However, using multiple transmitter coils introduces challenges, such as adverse cross-coupling effects, reduced efficiency, and fluctuations in voltage and power in the transition region. Furthermore, transmitter coils that are designed to achieve Zero Phase Angle (<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ZPA</i>) operation when multiple transmitter coils are turned ON cannot achieve <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ZPA</i> when a single transmitter coil is ON, and vice versa. Addressing this issue typically requires either overlapping transmitter coils or spacing them apart. However, spacing increases fluctuation (<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Fl</i>) and decreases the effective coupling coefficient (<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</i>), while overlapping reduces the effective charging length. This paper proposes a novel <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DIWC</i> system that achieves <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ZPA</i> regardless of whether a single or multiple transmitter coils are ON, without requiring overlapped transmitter coils or additional spacing between them. The design also reduces fluctuation, maximizes the effective coupling coefficient, uses less wire in the transmitter, increases the charging length, and improves system efficiency (η) while balancing costs for both static and dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">WPT</i>) systems. Finite Element Analysis (<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">FEA</i>) was used in this study. To validate the theoretical analysis a 1 kW prototype was Implemented. The proposed system demonstrates that the output voltage fluctuation is within ±1.7%, and a maximum DC-DC efficiency of 93.591% is achieved.