Investigation of the molecular alterations associated with the efficacy of microneedling therapy and its potential applications in medical and dental practices

Microneedling is an emerging minimally invasive technique that induces microscopic wounds in the skin or oral mucosa, stimulating healing and rejuvenation through complex biological processes. This review examines the impact of microneedling on inflammation, highlighting its role in fibroblasts activation, modulation of cytokine release, neovascularization, and the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases activity. By engaging these pathways, microneedling facilitates tissue remodeling and enhances the skin's regenerative capacity, rendering it beneficial for various conditions, such as wound healing, skin rejuvenation, and periodontal therapy. Recent technological advancements in microneedling, including its application for targeted drug delivery and incorporation of biologically active compounds, hold promise for future clinical use. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of microneedling can optimize treatment strategies, maximizing clinical outcomes while minimizing side effects.