Pediatric Gender Affirming Care is Not Evidence-based

Abstract Purpose of Review This paper reviews outcomes for risks and benefits of puberty blockers and gender-affirming hormones for pediatric gender dysphoria or gender-related distress. Recent Findings Studies conducted over the past 15–20 years have generally reported the effects of these interventions on bone health, metabolic outcomes, and mental health outcomes. Summary With respect to mental health outcomes, individual clinical research studies have inconsistently demonstrated benefit. Systematic evidence reviews, which provide high-level, reliable evidence according to evidence-based medicine (EBM) principles, have found the evidence in this field is comprised of studies with significant quality issues; the body of evidence is considered weak/uncertain. Clinical guidelines should be updated to reflect the reality of the limited evidence.