EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF INFLATION ON PAKISTANI SOCIETY: CHALLENGES, CAUSES, AND LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES FOR ECONOMIC STABILITY AND SOCIAL WELL-BEING

This study investigates the socio-economic consequences of inflation on Pakistani society, focusing on its effects across various demographics, businesses, and employment sectors. Utilizing a qualitative research approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, case studies, and focus group discussions involving consumers, small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) owners, and policymakers from diverse sectors, including agriculture, textiles, and manufacturing. The findings reveal that inflation disproportionately impacts low- and middle-income consumers, leading to reduced purchasing power and altered spending behaviors. SMEs face escalating operational costs and diminished consumer demand, challenging their profitability and sustainability. Government efforts to control inflation have met with limited success, often due to complex domestic and international economic factors. Persistent inflation exacerbates social inequalities, widening the gap between affluent and disadvantaged communities. Keywords: Inflation, Challenges, Consequences, Economic Stability